Chronic disease management concludes: Prevention and treatment strategies for hypertension and fatty liver.

hypertension

Hypertension is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by elevated systolic or diastolic blood pressure.

Clinically common conditions such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease are all related to elevated blood pressure.

I. Factors that raise blood pressure

(1) Not controlling weight.

Obesity or being overweight is one of the factors that can raise blood pressure. If you are obese, losing weight is urgent! You must keep your weight within a healthy range.

(2) High sodium diet.

The physiological requirement for sodium in healthy adults is 5 g/day. Excess sodium is a major cause of hypertension.

(3) Drinking alcohol.

Alcohol consumption has been confirmed as an independent risk factor for hypertension by numerous epidemiological studies.

(4) Smoking.

Patients with hypertension who smoke heavily have a significantly increased risk of developing heart disease and dying from it.

(5) Lack of exercise.

II. Scientific Control of Hypertension

(1) Adjust your daily routine, eat a balanced diet, maintain an optimistic mood, exercise actively, and have a scientific work and rest schedule.

(2) Healthy diet: low salt, low fat.

(3) Exercise.

It is best to choose aerobic exercise and avoid strenuous exercise.

III. Adverse consequences of hypertension

If high blood pressure is not taken seriously and is poorly controlled, it can lead to:

(1) It damages the heart, increases the incidence of coronary heart disease, and can also lead to heart diseases such as arrhythmia.

(2) Cerebral hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke (cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage).

(3) Kidney damage usually occurs after 10 to 15 years of sustained hypertension.

Fatty liver

Fatty liver is not an unfamiliar disease; it is a condition caused by excessive fat accumulation in liver cells due to various reasons.

Today, fatty liver disease has become the second leading cause of liver disease after viral hepatitis, seriously threatening the health of the nation.

I. How does fatty liver develop?

The causes of fatty liver can be categorized as follows:

(1) Fatty liver due to obesity.

Fat accumulation in the liver is positively correlated with the patient's weight. 30% to 50% of obese patients also have fatty liver, and the probability of having fatty liver in severely obese individuals can reach 61% to 94%.

However, according to the survey, after good intervention and weight control, the fatty liver indicators of obese patients were alleviated, and the degree of fatty infiltration was reduced or disappeared.

(2) Alcoholic fatty liver.

Alcohol and fatty liver are also closely related; 75% to 95% of patients who drink heavily over a long period of time have fatty infiltration.

(3) Fatty liver caused by improper weight loss.

Some people take extreme measures to lose weight, such as fasting or excessive dieting.

However, this is not a healthy way to lose weight. It can cause a rapid increase in fat breakdown, damage liver cells, and lead to fatty liver.

(4) Malnutrition-related fatty liver.

Malnutrition is also linked to fatty liver disease.

Protein deficiency is a major cause of fatty liver. If food intake is insufficient or there are some digestive problems, apolipoproteins cannot be synthesized, leading to the accumulation of triglycerides in the liver and the formation of fatty liver.

(5) Diabetic fatty liver.

Nearly half of diabetic patients suffer from fatty liver, and 50% to 80% of diabetic patients are obese. Therefore, fatty liver is related to both the degree of obesity and excessive intake of fat and sugar.

II. Consequences of not preventing and treating fatty liver

(1) Abnormal liver metabolism and impaired liver function.

Fatty liver can reflect abnormal liver metabolic function. Fatty liver reduces the synthesis of phospholipids and plasma lipoproteins in the liver, which over time affects nerve and vascular function and causes memory decline and arteriosclerosis.

(2) The liver may have fibrosis or cirrhosis.

When it comes to fatty liver, many people may have a misconception that it will eventually develop into liver cancer.

Fatty liver is not directly related to liver cancer, but if one also has viral hepatitis or drinks excessively, it may rapidly lead to cirrhosis.

Studies show that 70% of cirrhosis cases eventually develop into liver cancer, making cirrhosis a recognized precancerous condition.

(3) The possibility of functional decline of various tissues and organs throughout the body.

Fat buildup in the liver reduces its ability to synthesize albumin.

People with low albumin levels tend to have poor appetites, are more susceptible to illness, and have lower immunity.

III. Prevention and Treatment of Fatty Liver

(1) A balanced diet.

A balanced diet with three meals a day is essential, including plenty of vegetables and fruits. Try to combine whole grains and refined grains for nutritional balance, as sufficient protein can help clear fat from the liver.

(2) Appropriate exercise.

Daily physical exercise is highly recommended, with aerobic, low-to-moderate intensity exercises being the most effective.

Such as swimming, jogging, playing table tennis and badminton.

Start with low-intensity exercise and gradually increase to an appropriate level to enhance fat burning. Also, pay attention to warming up before exercise to prevent sports injuries.

(3) Use drugs with caution.

All drugs must be detoxified by the liver after entering the body. Therefore, we must be more cautious when choosing drugs and guard against their toxic side effects. In particular, we should use drugs that are harmful to the liver with caution to avoid further damage to the liver.

(4) Maintain a healthy weight.

Studies show that obesity is strongly linked to fatty liver disease.

Scientific weight loss, maintaining a healthy weight within a reasonable range, is also an important means of preventing and treating fatty liver.