Lifestyle and Energy Metabolism: A Modern Interpretation of Obesity

This can easily lead to overeating.

(2) Infrequent daily meals: The exact relationship between the frequency of meals and obesity is not yet clear, but...

The frequency of meals can affect the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. In individuals of normal weight, smaller, more frequent meals result in lower blood cholesterol levels and...

Their average blood sugar level was lower than that of people who consumed the same amount of energy but ate smaller meals.

(3) Heaving disorder: Heaving disorder is an episodic psychogenic disorder characterized by an inability to control cravings.

Overeating occurs at least twice a week, often at night. Overeating is often associated with obesity.

(4) Night eating syndrome: Night eating syndrome refers to the fact that the energy intake between dinner and the next morning accounts for a large proportion of the total energy intake.

Consuming more than 25% of their intake, often reaching 50%, is common in obese individuals and may be related to sleep disorders.

(5) Dieting: Dieting involves consciously controlling the amount of food you eat, but it relies on self-control.

When a dieter's self-control is reduced or lost for some reason, they may experience dietary indiscretion or overeating.

The risk of food poisoning would be very high.

Therefore, a balanced and regular diet and developing good lifestyle habits are essential for maintaining a normal weight.

Very important.

A positive energy metabolism imbalance directly leads to edema.

All bodily activities require energy to maintain basic life functions such as breathing and heartbeat.

In addition, energy is required for things like body temperature, and energy is also required for various activities such as talking, walking, and working.

Normally, food is the human body's sole source of energy. The energy provided by the food we consume daily...

The body's energy intake must meet its needs. If energy intake is consistently lower than energy expenditure, energy metabolism will be impaired.

When there is a negative energy balance, fat cells will be mobilized to break down and generate energy to meet the demand, which will lead to...

The body becomes thin. Conversely, if energy intake is excessive, and energy metabolism is in positive balance, the excess will be wasted.

Energy is converted into fat and stored in fat cells as triglycerides.

The sites where fat is stored are called fat depots, which are distributed in subcutaneous tissue, around internal organs, and within the abdominal cavity.

On the greater omentum.

Negative emotions caused by work and life stress

The fast pace of modern life brings enormous mental stress to people, resulting in various emotional issues.

Obesity has a significant impact on people's health. Neuropsychiatric factors influence obesity by regulating appetite.

This has an impact. Eating behavior is influenced not only by the satiety and feeding centers in the hypothalamus, but also by the entire nervous system.

The brain controls a wide range of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. This is crucial when people are engaged in work, life, and study.

When a person is under high stress, the sympathetic nervous system is highly activated, which can suppress appetite. Conversely, when a person is in a good mood...

When people are happy, live comfortably, and are free from stress, the excitability of the vagus nerve increases, and appetite will improve.

A significant increase is observed. However, some people also experience a surge in appetite when feeling anxious. Psychologists believe that...

It should be related to their experiences during infancy and early childhood. Their parents, lacking parenting experience, saw...

They assume the baby's crying is due to hunger and feed it, when in fact it might be due to urination.

Other conditions, such as discomfort in the bed or physical discomfort, can prevent infants from distinguishing between hunger and distress.

Some psychologists have pointed out that eating when people are anxious can alleviate these negative emotions. Therefore, mental stress...

Trauma and psychological imbalance leading to indiscriminate eating are also significant causes of obesity.

In a competitive and rapidly developing society, our emotions are constantly influenced by external factors, causing fluctuations.

When we need to relieve stress, we should do so through proper channels, and never resort to overeating.

To vent emotions.

The dangers of tobacco and alcohol

Tobacco and alcohol have always played an indispensable role in our lives, but little do we know their harmful effects on obesity.

It also plays an important role in the development of obesity.

Frequent alcohol consumption can easily lead to obesity, especially central obesity. The main component of alcohol is ethanol.

Beer is low in alcohol and high in nutritional value, containing vitamins, yeast, minerals, and more.

It contains various amino acids and sugars, etc. A bottle of beer can produce approximately 2093 kJ of energy, therefore beer has...

It's nicknamed "liquid bread," while its large belly resembles a "beer belly" or a "pot belly."

A term of endearment. Baijiu (Chinese white liquor) has a high alcohol content; alcohol can only be completely oxidized in the body and cannot be converted into other substances.

Because of its physical nature, the energy substances consumed while drinking alcohol are stored in the body, thus habitually...

Non-heavy drinkers often accumulate fat. A study by Canadian scientists analyzed 351 individuals...

The drinking habits of 350 men with an average age of 44 and women with an average age of 42 were analyzed.

The study recorded the daily alcohol consumption of these men and women and found a significant correlation between their daily alcohol intake and total daily food intake.

The reason is that drinking alcohol increases protein intake and reduces carbohydrate consumption.

In addition, delicious snacks served with alcohol often lead to excessive calorie intake, resulting in calorie surplus.

Cigarettes contain nicotine, tar, and other benzene-containing toxins. Nicotine in tobacco...

D can accelerate physiological functions, especially increasing the frequency of food metabolism in the human body. Some foreign scholars have...

A survey of 2,340 participants found that smokers had a higher BMI than non-smokers and those who had quit smoking.

The BMI was low, with the highest among male quitters and the lowest among male smokers. Clinical trials...

Studies have shown that the combined effects of smoking and food intake can increase resting energy expenditure, which helps to clarify...

Why do smokers weigh less than non-smokers? But once they stop smoking, these stimuli...

When used, it disappears; the body's metabolic rate decreases; food consumption slows down; energy consumption decreases; and reserves are replenished.

As you increase your weight, your body weight will gradually increase.

Sleep duration and sleep quality

Studies have found that the impact of sleep on obesity is not limited to insufficient sleep duration.

Kinesiology experts conducted a sleep survey on female students from two universities over several weeks.

Findings: Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day can effectively inhibit weight gain; less than 6.5 hours of sleep...

Time or more than 8.5 hours

Poor sleep quality can lead to weight gain and negatively impact weight.

How do genetic factors determine the likelihood of obesity?

Six-year-old Mingming is loved wherever he goes, not only because he has a charming and talkative face.

Besides his mouth, his chubby cheeks also give him a very cute look, making you want to pinch them.

Everyone who has met Mingming says, "This child is chubby and adorable; she looks so lucky." Actually, Mingming's family...

The man looked very fortunate, because his parents were also quite well-off.

It is understood that the obesity rate among children of parents who are both not obese is 9%; if one parent is obese...

If one parent is obese, the obesity rate of their children is 50%; if both parents are obese, the obesity rate of their children is even higher.

70%~80%. It is generally believed that obesity, like hypertension and type 2 diabetes, is a multi-basic genetic disorder.

Due to hereditary diseases. Genetic factors are an important cause of obesity.

A special "thrifty gene"

Modern humans have a greater ability to accumulate fat than to burn it, which is a result of human evolution.

The result of natural selection during this process. In the long course of evolution, our human ancestors in the primordial era...

Only those with strong resilience to famine are likely to survive generation after generation. Those who remain through natural selection signify their...

Due to their unique genes, they can more effectively convert the energy from food into fat during a rare, large meal, and thus...

The special genes that play this role are called "thrifty genes." In modern society, people can obtain [thrifty genes] at any time.

With access to abundant food, this gene can easily lead to excessive energy accumulation due to overeating.

It can cause obesity.

In recent years, another explanation has been proposed for the "thrifty gene": if nutritional deficiencies occur during the fetal stage...

In environments lacking nutrients, such as intrauterine malnutrition, the fetus will develop an adaptive response, academically known as...

"Frugality phenotype." To adapt to the malnourished environment of the uterus, the fetus develops adaptive mechanisms during development.

This reaction causes continuous changes in the body's tissue structure, physiological function, and metabolism; such a fetus...

After birth, if lifestyle changes during growth and into adulthood, and material life becomes abundant, diet...

If one cannot control their intake, it is easier for energy to accumulate and fat to build up, thus leading to obesity.